Colossus
(A huge and ancient statue on the Greek island of Rhodes).
1. <computer> The Colossus and Colossus Mark II computers used by
Alan Turing at
Bletchley Park, UK during the Second World War to crack the "Tunny" cipher produced by the Lorenz SZ 40 and SZ 42 machines.
Colossus was a semi-fixed-program
vacuum tube calculator (unlike its near-contemporary, the freely programmable
Z3).
["Breaking the enemy's code", Glenn Zorpette, IEEE Spectrum, September 1987, pp. 47-51.]
2. The computer in the film "Colossus: The Forbin Project". Forbin is the designer of an incredibly sophisticated computer that will run all of America's nuclear defences.
Shortly after being turned on, it detects the existence of Goliath, the Soviet counterpart, previously unknown to US Planners. Both computers insist that they be linked, and after taking safeguards to preserve confidential material, each side agrees to allow it.
As soon as the link is established the two become a new super computer and threaten the world with the immediate launch of nuclear weapons if they are detached. Colossus begins to give its plans for the management of the world under its guidance.
Forbin and the other scientists form a technological resistance to Colossus which must operate underground.
The Internet Movie Database (http://www.msstate.edu/M/title-exact?Colossus:%20The%20Forbin%20Project).
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